最後更新日期:2023 年 03 月 15 日
直接問句
該句話即為一個問句,又可分為「Wh-問句」和「Yes-no問句」
Wh-問句: 1. What time is it? 2. Who is the tall girl?
Yes-no問句:1. Is Kevin a student? 2. Do you like English?
疑問詞 | 使用時機 | 疑問詞 | 使用時機 |
What | 詢問事物、姓名 | Where | 詢問地點、場所 |
Who | 詢問人物、關係 | Why | 詢問理由、原因 |
When | 詢問時間 | How | 詢問狀況、方式 |
Who 與What 當主詞時,視為第三人稱單數。
句型:Who + 一般動詞/beV . . . ?
問句:Who lives in Taipei city? 答句:Joe and Alan live in Taipei city .
問句: What is in the box? 答句: A book is in the box?
直接問句練習題
1. 什麼在桌子上? What is on the desk?
2.誰餵了那隻貓? Who fed the cat?
Who /what當受詞補語 (句中有明確的主詞)
1.他吃了什麼? What did he eat ?
2.他喜歡誰?Who does he like?
間接問句文法
將直接問句併入另一個句子中,此時間接問句屬於名詞子句性質,當作主要子句中動詞的受詞,間接問句句尾的標點符號,視主要子句而定。
1. Do you know what time it is ?
(主要子句) (從屬子句,當know的受詞)
※ 主要子句Do you know …是個問句,所以用問號。
2. I don’t remember who the tall girl is . (主要子句) (從屬子句,當remember的受詞)
※ 主要子句I don’t remember…是個直述句,所以用句號。
Wh-問句改成間接問句的句型
當疑問詞即為該疑問句的主詞時:形成間接問句時,字序不變。
Wh-疑問詞 + 動詞 …? Who invented the kites? 主要子句 + Wh-疑問詞 + 動詞 …? Do you know who invented the kites? |
Which is better? Do you know which is better.
1. Please tell me what is on the desk. 請告訴我什麼在桌子上.
2. Do you know who fed the cat? 你知道誰餵了那隻貓?
★當疑問詞即為該疑問句的受詞時:形成間接問句時。
Wh-疑問詞 + 助動詞/be動詞…+主詞? Who is the girl? 主要子句 + Wh-疑問詞 + 主詞 +動詞? Do you know who the girl is? |
1.Can you tell me what he ate.你可以告訴我他吃了什麼?
2. Please tell me who he likes. 請告訴我他喜歡誰.
歸納:直接問句改成間接問句的祕訣
句型:S + V + 間接問句:wh + S + V…(間接問句當作前面動詞的受詞)
1 間接問句疑問詞放前面,主詞動詞放在後
2 間接問句不必將Be動詞或助動詞do/does/did 放主詞前 (主詞和be動詞互換)
3 間接問句若有其他有意義的助動詞則須保留且放在主詞之後(主詞和助動詞互換。)
4間接問句中含助動詞 do, does, did,形成間接問句時,動詞需視主詞人稱的單複數和時態作變化。
4 間接問句當作前面動詞的受詞,所以標點符號以前面主要句子做決定。
間接問句文法練習題
1.將下列直述句改成「直接問句」
直述句 | 直接問句(即一般問句) |
1 You are in the classroom . | Where are you ? |
2 Peter goes to school in the morning . | When does Peter go to school? |
3 She goes to work by MRT . | How dose she go to school? |
4 Amy is mopping the floor . | What is Amy doing ? |
5 Tom played basketball in the park . | What didi Peter play basketball? |
2.將上列五個疑問句前面加入「I don’t know」,使其成為間接問句
( 主要句子間接問句當作動詞的受詞子句)
主要句子 | 間接問句當作動詞的受詞子句 | 中文翻譯 |
I don’t know | where you are. | 我不知道你在哪裡。 |
I don’t know | when Judy goes to school. | 我不知道茱蒂何時上學去 |
I don’t know | how she goes to school. | 我不知道她怎麼上學的。 |
I don’t know | what Amy is doing. | 我不知道艾美正在做什麼。 |
I don’t know | where Peter played basketball. | 我不知道湯姆在哪裡打籃球。 |
3.訂正句子
1. I don’t know who are you.→I don’t know who you are.
2. He wants to know where do they go? →He wants to know where they go .
3. She likes to know what can I do. →She likes to know what I can do.
Wh-疑問詞為首的名詞片語
「Wh-名詞片語」是由「Wh-名詞子句」簡化而來:
省略子句中的主詞和助動詞(will, can, could, should),加上to,與原形動詞形成不定詞片語。
子句:疑問詞 + 主詞 + 助動詞+ 原形動詞片語:疑問詞 + to + 原形動詞
1. We don’t know where we can go. → We don’t know where to go.
2. Please tell us what we should do.→ Please tell us what to do.
★同理,「Wh-名詞片語」要改寫成「Wh-名詞子句」,去掉to後,要加入適當的主詞和情態助動詞。
1. Peter forgot how to cook beef noodles. →Peter forgot how he could cook beef noodles.
2. Tina tells me where to find the book. → Tina tells me where I can find the book
Wh-名詞片語練習題
1. The girl didn’t know what to do.→ The girl didn’t know what she can do.
2. They can’t decide which one to choose.→They can’t decide which one they can choose.
注意:
1. what、who、which為疑問代名詞,直接當名詞片語中動詞的受詞,後面不需再加受詞。
2. how、where、when為疑問副詞,當片語中的動詞是不及物時,不加受詞,當動詞是及物時,需加受詞。
3. why不用在此名詞片語中
1. John couldn’t find his shoes. He didn’t know what to do. (what直接當do的受詞)
2. My bike is broken. I don’t know how to fix it. (fix為及物動詞,需接受詞)
3. I am lost. I don’t know where to go. (go為不及物動詞,不需接受詞)
練習:1. What does she want? →I want to know what she wants.
2.What have you done? →Could you tell me what you have done.
間接問句中,主要子句和從屬子句的時態不一定相同,回答的時態要看回答的內容是主要子句還是從屬子句來決定。
1. Q: Do you know when the accident happened? A: Yes, I do.
回答主要子句(現在式),故與主要子句時態一致。
2. Q: Do you know when the accident happened?
A: It happened at 5 o’clock in the afternoon.
回答從屬子句(過去式),故與從屬子句時態一致。
間接問句文法綜合練習題
Part A:合併句子
1. Who will you invite to the party? / Please tell me.
Please tell me who you will invite to the party.
2. Do you know? / How did they go to the department store?
Do you know how they went to the department store?
3. I don’t know. / What can I do?
I don’t know what I can do
4. Who closed the window? / Please tell me.
Please tell me who closed the window
5. When did you come back from America? / Can you tell me?
Can you tell me when you came back from America?
6. The teacher tells us. / When should we hand in our homework?
The teacher tells us when we should hand in our homework.
Part B: 填空(填入適當的疑問詞)
1. Do you know who owns this car?
2. I can’t wait to know what my grade is.
3. I want to know who the boy is talking to.
4. Could you tell me why you came here so early?
5. Ivy has no idea where she is. She needs a map.
6. Nina didn’t tell me when she will visit us, maybe next week.
7. Mark looks different. Do you know where he comes from?
Part C:選擇題
( ) 1. He didn’t say ____________
(A) what did he buy.
(B) what he bought.
(C) what did he buy?
(D) What did he buy?
( ) 2. Do you know _______________________?
(A) who the girl standing there is
(B) who the girl is standing there
(C) who the girl there is standing
(D) who is the girl there standing
( ) 3. Tell me ______________ (A) what time is it?
(B) What time it is.
(C) what time it is.
(D) what is the time.
( ) 4. Tell me _______________________.
(A) you come from where
(B) where do you come from
(C) where you come
(D) where you come from
( ) 5. Do you know ________________?
(A) who is the man in a white coat
(B) what’s wrong with him
(C) who the girl is singing there
(D) how old is his mother
( ) 6.Please tell me __________ do something for you.
(A) can I
(B) whether I can
(C) whether can I
(D) if can I
( ) 7. Do you remember ________________?
(A) when he come
(B) when did he come
(C) when he came
(D) when will he come
( ) 8. Tell me __________________.
(A) who did he meet yesterday
(B) who did he not want to meet
(C) who he didn’t want to meet
(D) who didn’t he want to meet
( ) 9. I don’t know _________________.
(A) when will he come home
(B) what he is going to do
(C) who are you talking to
(D) why did he cry yesterday
( ) 10. Frank wants to know ______________.
(A) what his girlfriend likes to eat
(B) what does his girlfriend like to eat
(C) how is his girlfriend
(D) what his girlfriend happened
1. BACDB 6.BCCBA
Part D:翻譯
1. 請告訴我為什麼你今天會遲到。Please tell me why you are late today
2. 我忘記在哪裡買了這本書。I forgot where I bought the book.
會考歷屆試題
( A ) 1. Jill: Have you decided________you will celebrate your 30th birthday?
Sue: Yeah, I’m going to have a big barbecue(烤肉)party. 【109-10】
(A) how (B) where (C) what (D) when
( D ) 2. The weather is always changing, so I don’t know _______ I should bring an umbrella when I go out. 【109-補-11】
(A) how (B) what (C) where (D) whether
( B ) 3. Alice: Do you know_______ Grandma is going to visit us?
Willy: It’s next week. She told me on the phone. And we’ll take her to the national park.
(A) where (B) when (C) whether (D) why 【107-9】
( A ) 4. We are surprised that Sally and Ray decided to get married. No one knows _____ . They often fight with each other and are unhappy together. 【106-8】
(A) why (B) where (C) when (D) how
( A ) 5. I’m not sure if Kevin ________ this morning, but if he does, I’ll tell him that you called.
(A) will come in (B) comes in (C) has come in (D) came in 【103-27】
請問選擇題第七題的答案是否是 (B) when he came 而不是 (B) when did he come? 好像是重複兩個(B) 謝謝
非常感謝您的回覆,沒錯答案是when he came.感謝您的告知。