最後更新日期：2023 年 02 月 24 日
助動詞總整理can的用法:
①表能力(ability):(=be able to, be capable of, know how to )
He can speak English but he can’t write it very well.
(他能夠說英語，但是他無法書寫的好。)We can play the piano. (我們會彈鋼琴。)
Tim can do a good job of fixing the broken lamp.
(Tim 能夠把壞掉的燈泡修好。)
②表許可(permission):(=be allowed to, be permitted to)
Can[May] I smoke in here ? (= Am I allowed to smoke in here? )
我可以在這裡抽菸嗎?
Can I stay here until my father comes?
(我可以待在這裡直到我父親來嗎?)
3表推想的可能(theoretical possibility)
The road can be blocked. (= It is possible to block the road.)
(2)could 的用法:
can的過去式
I could never play the guitar. (我以前從不會談吉他)
I couldn’t write in English before. (我以前無法用英文寫字。)
②表客氣的請求
Could I stand here? 我可以站在這裡嗎? ( could 比 can或may 更有禮貌。)
3″ could have +p.p.”表對「過去能做而未做的事」感到惋惜、遺憾。
I could have passed, but I did not study.
(我可以通過考試的，但是我沒有讀書。)→我如果有讀書我會通過考試。(與過去事實相反)
I could have become a millionaire if I had won the lottery. (如果我有贏得樂透，我就會成為百萬富翁。)→過去沒有中樂透，所以也沒有成為百萬富翁。
2. may, might
(1) may的用法:
①表許可(permission):(=be allowed to)
You may hang out with your friend at the park. (你可以和你朋友去公園玩。)
You may go out for dinner with Jim. (你可以和Jim一起去吃晚餐。)
②表可能(possibility)
The road may be blocked. ( = It is possible that the road is blocked.)
may have +p.p.”表對過去的推測
He may have seen me last night.他或許昨晚有看到我。
May I help you? 需要我為你服務嗎?→用於服務生。(2)might的用法:
may的過去式
The weather forecast says it is going to clear up soon.
氣象報導天氣即將轉晴。
②表許可(permission)
Might I smoke in here ?
3表可能(possibility),但may比might的可能性大一點。
We might go to Japan this summer. 我們可能今年暑假會去日本。
What you say might be true. 你說的可能是事實。
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